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Keywords
Native Tribes

Tsetsaut were probably named from a TSIMSHIAN word used by the Gitksan for various Athapaskans in the interior of northern BC. There is scant information on their language, history and traditions, though there is some evidence that they were most closely related to the KASKA. For unknown reasons the Tsetsaut left the Plateau, moving W across the southern waters of the Stikine R and the northern headwaters of the Nass R as far as the Pacific coast. The main area they inhabited was in the vicinity of the Portland Canal. The Tsetsaut economy was based on inland game hunting and apparently they never adapted fully to the environment of the river systems or to the coast. The Tsetsaut were harassed and raided by their neighbours, particularly the TAHLTAN, and survivors were assimilated into the Nishga. When Franz BOAS visited them in 1894, their total number was 12, reduced from an estimated population of 500 just 60 years earlier. Today, there are no persons identified as Tsetsaut. The last speaker of the Tsetsaut language died around 1935. See also NATIVE PEOPLE, SUBARCTIC and general articles under NATIVE PEOPLE.

Author BERYL C. GILLESPIE


Suggested Reading
F. Boas, "Fifth Report on the Indians of British Columbia," British Assn for the Advancement of Sciences, Annual Report (1895); J. Helm, ed, Handbook of North American Indians, vol 6: Subarctic (1981).


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