All Inuit groups used some form of kayak, except for the most northerly polar Inuit. Essentially a one-person closed-deck hunting craft, it was employed sometimes for transport of goods. Fast and seaworthy and ranging from 4 m to 7 m in length, it was built to hold from one to 3 persons. Covered with dehaired seal or caribou skins, the frame was often made of driftwood, with ribs of willow branches. Both single and double-bladed wooden paddles were used. To make the entire craft watertight, even when tipped, the hunter wore a parka which was tied around the hatch-hole rim.
 Kayak and UmiakThe kayak is a narrow hunting boat made of sealskin stretched over a wood or bone frame. The larger umiak was used for transporting goods and people (artwork by Gordon Miller).
 Inuit in their KayaksCirca 1901, NWT (Charles W. Mathers/Library and Archives Canada/C-005106).
Author
RENÉ R. GADACZ
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