Selwyn Mountains

The northern Selwyn Mountains lie to the east of the Yukon-NWT border, and the southern section straddles the border south from the Macmillan Pass to the South Nahanni River. The mountains are northwest trending and comprise chains of glacially modified mountain peaks, ridges, plateaus and U-shaped valleys. They are of moderate relief, with tree-covered valleys together with ridges and peaks comprising alpine meadows or rock. Named for Alfred R.C. SELWYN, director of the Geological Survey of Canada 1869-95, their peaks range in altitude from 2130 to 2952 m. The highest mountain is Keele Peak. Major ice fields cover Keele Peak and the Itsi and Rogue ranges.

The mountains are composed of faulted and folded sedimentary rock (sandstone, shale, conglomerates and some limestone) of latest Precambrian to Triassic age (600 to 205.7 million years ago). Some of the shales are a bright maroon colour. Sandstone and shale are host to major lead, zinc and silver deposits at Macmillan Pass in the centre of the range. There are numerous granites of Cretaceous age (144.2 to 65 million years ago), some of which are associated with tungsten (such as the mine that was at TUNGSTEN, NWT) and gold deposits.

The mountains are home to numerous large animals, including Dall sheep, moose, caribou and black and grizzly bears. The northern Selwyn Mountains include the headwaters of a number of rivers such as the Bonnet Plume, Stewart, Macmillan and Keele; the southern Selwyn Mountains include the headwaters of the Pelly and SOUTH NAHANNI rivers. Most rivers contain sport fish, including speckled and rainbow trout and arctic grayling. Lakes also have large lake trout.

The Selwyns were virtually unexplored and unmapped until after World War II. At present, hikers, naturalists, trappers, outfitters, hunters, fishermen and exploration geologists are seasonal visitors. The World War II CANOL PIPELINE intersects the mountains at Macmillan Pass. Most of the mountains can be climbed and walked without technical support and there are numerous horse and game trails in the valleys.

Author MICHAEL P. CECILE