London Conference

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London Conference, beginning 4 December 1866, in which Canadian, Nova Scotian and New Brunswick delegates met with the British government in London, Eng, was the important transitional stage between the 1864 QUÉBEC CONFERENCE and the 1867 BRITISH NORTH AMERICA ACT. The major issue was the educational clauses of the Québec Resolutions.

There was strong lobbying in London by bishops from the Maritimes, notably Archbishop Connolly of Halifax, to get guarantees for Roman Catholic separate schools - schools that existed by custom, though not by law - in all 3 provinces. Maritime delegates resisted, and what emerged was Section 93 of the British North America Act, which protected whatever separate schools existed by law at the time of CONFEDERATION. This guaranteed the separate school systems in Québec and Ontario, but not in Nova Scotia or New Brunswick. Early in 1867 the London Resolutions were redrafted into the BNA Act.

Author P.B. WAITE


Links to Other Sites
London Conference
This “Canadian Confederation” website focuses on the participants and major issues discussed at the London Conference. Includes a draft text of the British North America Act and other archival material. From Library and Archives Canada.

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