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Port-Royal, near ANNAPOLIS ROYAL, N.S., was the first permanent European settlement north of the Spanish settlements in Florida. In 1605 Pierre Du Gua de MONTS's men built the Habitation where many of them, including Samuel de CHAMPLAIN and later Marc LESCARBOT, lived until 1607. The Habitation was reoccupied in 1610, but the English burned it in 1613 - the first of several attacks it would suffer. In the 1630s, Port-Royal became the first place where Acadian settlers began to dyke the land for farms. It became the capital of the French colony of ACADIA, and from it Acadian families spread out around the Bay of Fundy. After it was captured by the British in 1710, Port-Royal was renamed Annapolis Royal. Acadia became British territory finally in 1713. In 1755 most of the Acadians there were deported. The Port-Royal Habitation, a cluster of small buildings joined by a protective wall, was reconstructed in 1938-39, and became a national historic site in 1940.
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